Plantations

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width=210 BGCOLOR="#000066" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <div> <B><IMG SRC="0e581750.jpg" border=0 width="129" height="117" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <B><IMG SRC="01096880.jpg" border=0 width="150" height="136" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://cagle.slate.msn.com/politicalcartoons/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://cagle.slate.msn.com/politicalcart"><U><B>Daily Political Cartoon</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="09787590.png" border=0 width="135" height="89" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.foxnews.com/" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.foxnews.com/"><U><B>Top News Stories</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="09848480.png" border=0 width="72" height="72" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <A HREF="mailto:stockard@lsu.edu" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:stockard@lsu.edu"><U><B>Webmaster</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="0130b120.jpg" border=0 width="11" height="18" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=140 BGCOLOR="#000066" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <div> <B>Social Studies</B></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#336699" FACE="Times New Roman" ><B><IMG SRC="00caa4b0.png" border=0 width="426" height="75" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></FONT><FONT SIZE="6" COLOR="#66CCFF" FACE="Book Antiqua" ><B>  </B></FONT><B>   </B><B>|</B><B>     </B><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Louisiana Social Studies"><U><B>home</B></U></A></div> <bR> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" height=340 colspan=2 BGCOLOR="#000033" TEXT="#F7F7FF"> <div> <B>Plantations</B></div> <bR> <div> <B><IMG SRC="0f968890.jpg" border=0 width="616" height="649" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></div> <div> <B>Mississippi River Plantations:</B> </div> <div> The word "plantation" has come to symbolize a bygone era... the Old South. "Plantation" was used originally by the English to represent any colony established overseas. It was not until the mid-to-late 17th century that the word "plantation" came to mean a large agricultural venture that was overseen by an owner/manager, used a large labor force, and produced crops for export. First developed in Virginia, the plantation system soon spread south into the Mississippi River Valley.</div> <div> Most plantations specialized in a single crop; the plantations on the Lower Mississippi specialized in either cotton or sugar cane. By the early 19th century a "Cotton Kingdom" had developed with Natchez as its center. Large plantation houses were erected in and around the city of Natchez. In southeastern Louisiana, immense sugar estates were established along the Mississippi River between Baton Rouge and New Orleans. All of these helped to support a planter society centered on plantation life. It was during this period that the definition of a plantation owner or planter changed. No longer was the owner defined as one who had vast acres of land that produced large numbers of crops. Instead, a planter was one whose plantation depended on a labor force composed primarily of slaves. During the late 17th century, black slave labor began to replace white indentured labor and by the mid-19th century, plantations were almost completely dependent on their slave labor force. Roughly half of all slaves in the South before the Civil War worked on plantations. The products of their labor allowed planters not only to become wealthy, but also to dominate antebellum social, economic, and political life. </div> <div> The Civil War changed this way of life, putting an end to slavery and signaling the slow decline of the plantation system. Plantations continued into the 1950s with sharecroppers working the land, nominally overseen by plantation owners. Eventually, however, the work force left, giving way to new laborsaving machinery. Today, the most recognizable remnants of this once dominant economic and social system are a large collection of plantation buildings and the legacy of a system whose repercussions continue to haunt the nation's conscience. </div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="id20.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Destrahan Front"><U><B>Destrahan Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id21.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Destrahan Rear"><U><B>Destrahan Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id22.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Greenwood Front"><U><B>Greenwood Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id23.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Greenwood Rear"><U><B>Greenwood Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id24.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Houmas House Front"><U><B>Houmas House Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id25.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Houmas House Rear"><U><B>Houmas House Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id26.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Joe Jefferson House Front"><U><B>Joe Jefferson House Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id27.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Joe Jefferson House Rear"><U><B>Joe Jefferson House Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id28.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Laura Front"><U><B>Laura Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id29.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Laura Rear"><U><B>Laura Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id30.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Madewood Front"><U><B>Madewood Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id31.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Madewood Rear"><U><B>Madewood Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id32.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Melrose Front"><U><B>Melrose Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id33.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Melrose Yucca House"><U><B>Melrose Yucca House</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id34.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Myrtles Front"><U><B>Myrtles Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id35.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Myrtles Rear"><U><B>Myrtles Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id36.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Nottoway Front"><U><B>Nottoway Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id37.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Nottoway Rear"><U><B>Nottoway Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id38.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oak Alley Front"><U><B>Oak Alley Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id39.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oak Alley Map"><U><B>Oak Alley Map</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id40.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oak Alley Map"><U><B>Oak Alley Map</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id41.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oak Alley Rear"><U><B>Oak Alley Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id42.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oakley Front"><U><B>Oakley Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id43.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Oakley Rear"><U><B>Oakley Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id44.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Ormond Front"><U><B>Ormond Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id45.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Poche Front"><U><B>Poche Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id46.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Rosedown Front"><U><B>Rosedown Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id47.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Rosedown Side"><U><B>Rosedown Side</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id48.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="San Francisco Front"><U><B>San Francisco Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id49.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="San Francisco Rear"><U><B>San Francisco Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id50.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Shadows on the Teche Front"><U><B>Shadows on the Teche Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id51.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Shadows on the Teche Rear"><U><B>Shadows on the Teche Rear</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id52.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Tezcuco Front"><U><B>Tezcuco Front</B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id53.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Tezcuco Rear"><U><B>Tezcuco Rear</B></U></A></div> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>